An international research team led by the University of Minnesota Twin Cities has produced a quantum state that is part light and part matter. The research has implications for the next generation of quantum-based optical and electronic devices, and may also contribute to increasing the efficiency of nanoscale chemical reactions.
The researchers achieved ultrastrong coupling between infrared light and matter by trapping light in tiny annular holes in a thin layer of gold. The holes were as small as 2 nm, or 25,000× smaller than the width of a human hair.
The nanocavities, the researchers said, can be thought of as greatly scaled-down versions of coaxial cables, and were filled with silicon dioxide, similar to the blend of glass used in common windows. Fabrication methods based on those used in the computer chip industry made it possible to produce millions of these cavities simultaneously, all of them exhibiting the entry level computer science jobs photon-vibration coupling.
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